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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cancersp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Южно-Российский онкологический журнал/ South Russian Journal of Cancer</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>South Russian Journal of Cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2686-9039</issn><publisher><publisher-name>АНО "Перспективы онкологии"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37748/2686-9039-2024-5-1-7</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">YMKXII</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cancersp-233</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Митохондриальная трансплантация – новые вызовы раку</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mitochondrial transplantation: new challenges for cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-6108</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кит</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kit</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кит Олег Иванович – академик РАН, д.м.н., профессор, генеральный директор, ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-6108" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-6108</ext-link>, SPIN: 1728-0329, AuthorID: 343182, ResearcherID: U-2241-2017, Scopus Author ID: 55994103100</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg I. Kit – Academician at the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor, general director, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-6108" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-6108</ext-link>, SPIN: 1728-0329, AuthorID: 343182, ResearcherID: U-2241-2017, Scopus Author ID: 55994103100</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">super.gormon@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3618-6890</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Франциянц</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frantsiyants</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Франциянц Елена Михайловна – д.б.н., профессор, заместитель генерального директора по научной работе, ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3618-6890" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3618-6890</ext-link>, SPIN: 9427-9928, AuthorID: 462868, ResearcherID: Y-1491-2018, Scopus Author ID: 55890047700</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena M. Frantsiyants – Dr. Sci. (Biol.), professor, deputy CEO for science, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3618-6890" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3618-6890</ext-link>, SPIN: 9427-9928, AuthorID: 462868, ResearcherID: Y-1491-2018, Scopus Author ID: 55890047700</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">super.gormon@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2943-7655</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шихлярова</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shikhlyarova</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шихлярова Алла Ивановна – д.б.н., профессор, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории изучения патогенеза злокачественных опухолей, ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2943-7655" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2943-7655</ext-link>, SPIN: 6271-0717, AuthorID: 482103, ResearcherID: Y-6275-2018, Scopus Author ID: 6507723229</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alla I. Shikhlyarova – Dr. Sci. (Biol.), professor, senior researcher, Laboratory of Study of Malignant Tumor Pathogenesis, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2943-7655" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2943-7655</ext-link>, SPIN: 6271-0717, AuthorID: 482103, ResearcherID: Y-6275-2018, Scopus Author ID: 6507723229</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shikhliarova.a@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7395-3086</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нескубина</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Neskubina</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нескубина Ирина Валерьевна – к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории изучения патогенеза злокачественных опухолей, ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7395-3086" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7395-3086</ext-link>, SPIN: 3581-8531, AuthorID: 794688, ResearcherID: AAG-8731-2019, Scopus Author ID: 6507509066</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Neskubina – Cand. Sci. (Biol.), senior researcher at the Laboratory for the Study of the Pathogenesis of Malignant Tumors, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7395-3086" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7395-3086</ext-link>, SPIN: 3581-8531, AuthorID: 794688, ResearcherID: AAG-8731-2019, Scopus Author ID: 6507509066</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">neskubina.irina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Centre for Oncology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>70</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кит О.И., Франциянц Е.М., Шихлярова А.И., Нескубина И.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кит О.И., Франциянц Е.М., Шихлярова А.И., Нескубина И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kit O.I., Frantsiyants E.M., Shikhlyarova A.I., Neskubina I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.cancersp.com/jour/article/view/233">https://www.cancersp.com/jour/article/view/233</self-uri><abstract><p>В представленном обзоре обсуждаются вопросы, касающиеся уникальности митохондрий, обеспечивающих нормальные клеточные функции, в то же время их участие во многих патологических состояниях организма, а также анализируется существующая литература с целью разъяснения эффективности трансплантации митохондрий при лечении злокачественных заболеваний. Являясь важными и полуавтономными органеллами в клетках, они способны адаптировать свои функции к потребностям соответствующего органа. Возможность митохондрий перепрограммироваться важна для всех типов клеток, которые могут переключаться между состоянием покоя и пролиферацией. Вместе с тем митохондрии опухолей претерпевают адаптивные изменения для ускорения размножения опухолевых клеток в кислой и гипоксической микросреде. Согласно появляющимся данным стало известно, что митохондрии могут выходить за границы клеток, перемещаться между клетками организма. Межклеточный перенос митохондрий естественным образом происходит у людей как нормальный механизм восстановления поврежденных клеток. Выявленный физиологический митохондриальный перенос стал основой для создания современной формы трансплантации митохондрий, включая аутологичную (изогенную), аллогенную и даже ксеногенную трансплантацию. В настоящее время экзогенные здоровые митохондрии используются для лечения некоторых карцином, включая рак молочной железы, рак поджелудочной железы и глиому. Исследование функциональной активности здоровых митохондрий привело к обнаружению и доказательству того, что женские митохондрии обладают более высокой эффективностью подавления пролиферации опухолевых клеток, чем мужские митохондрии. Вместе с тем были описаны тканеспецифические половые различия в морфологии митохондрий и окислительной способности, и лишь немногие исследования показали функциональные половые различия митохондрий при терапии. Рассмотренные в обзоре исследования показывают, что трансплантация митохондрий может быть специфически нацелена на опухоль, с предоставлением доказательств изменений в функции опухоли после введения митохондрий. Таким образом, появление интереснейших данных об уникальных функциях митохондрий свидетельствуют об очевидной необходимости митохондриальной трансплантации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This review discusses the uniqueness of mitochondria providing normal cellular functions and at the same time involved in many pathological conditions, and also analyzes the scientific literature to clarify the effectiveness of mitochondrial transplantation in cancer treatment. Being important and semi-autonomous organelles in cells, they are able to adapt their functions to the needs of the corresponding organ. The ability of mitochondria to reprogram is important for all cell types that can switch between resting and proliferation. At the same time, tumor mitochondria undergo adaptive changes to accelerate the reproduction of tumor cells in an acidic and hypoxic microenvironment. According to emerging data, mitochondria can go beyond the boundaries of cells and move between the cells of the body. Intercellular transfer of mitochondria occurs naturally in humans as a normal mechanism for repairing damaged cells. The revealed physiological mitochondrial transfer has become the basis for a modern form of mitochondrial transplantation, including autologous (isogenic), allogeneic, and even xenogenic transplantation. Currently, exogenous healthy mitochondria are used in treatment of several carcinomas, including breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, and glioma. Investigation of the functional activity of healthy mitochondria demonstrated and confirmed the fact that female mitochondria are more efficient in suppressing tumor cell proliferation than male mitochondria. However, tissue-specific sex differences in mitochondrial morphology and oxidative capacity were described, and few studies showed functional sex differences in mitochondria during therapy. The reviewed studies report that mitochondrial transplantation can be specifically targeted to a tumor, providing evidence for changes in tumor function after mitochondrial administration. Thus, the appearance of the most interesting data on the unique functions of mitochondria indicates the obvious need for mitochondrial transplantation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>митохондрии</kwd><kwd>митохондриальная терапия</kwd><kwd>митохондриальный перенос</kwd><kwd>злокачественные новообразования</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mitochondria</kwd><kwd>mitochondrial therapy</kwd><kwd>mitochondrial transfer</kwd><kwd>malignant tumors</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schirrmacher V. Mitochondria at Work: New Insights into Regulation and Dysregulation of Cellular Energy Supply and Metabolism. 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