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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cancersp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Южно-Российский онкологический журнал/ South Russian Journal of Cancer</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>South Russian Journal of Cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2686-9039</issn><publisher><publisher-name>АНО "Перспективы онкологии"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37748/2686-9039-2024-5-4-7</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">JBCKSE</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cancersp-294</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль опухолевых стволовых клеток и иммунного микроокружения в патогенезе рака легкого: механизмы взаимодействия и перспективы исследований</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of tumor stem cells and the immune microenvironment in the pathogenesis of lung cancer: mechanisms of interaction and research prospects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0640-2994</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харагезов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharagezov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Харагезов Дмитрий Акимович – к.м.н., заведующий отделением торакальной онкологии, ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0640-2994, SPIN: 5120-0561, AuthorID: 733789, ResearcherID: AAZ-3638-2021, Scopus Author ID: 56626499300</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrii A. Kharagezov – Cand. Sci. (Med.), MD, Head of the Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0640-2994, SPIN: 5120-0561, AuthorID: 733789, ResearcherID: AAZ-3638-2021, Scopus Author ID: 56626499300</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6449-7026</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антонян</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonyan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Антонян Артур Андрясович – аспирант 1-го года обучения, ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6449-7026, ResearcherID: JWQ-0734-2024</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artur A. Antonyan – PhD student of the 1st year, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6449-7026, ResearcherID: JWQ-0734-2024</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">arturantonyan12@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1410-122X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Златник</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zlatni</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Златник Елена Юрьевна – д.м.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунофенотипирования опухолей, ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1410-122X, SPIN: 4137-7410, AuthorID: 327457, ResearcherID: AAI-1311-2020, Scopus Author ID: 6603160432</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Yu. Zlatnik – Dr. Sci. (Med.), MD, Professor, Chief Researcher, Laboratory of Immunophenotyping of Tumors, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1410-122X, SPIN: 4137-7410, AuthorID: 327457, ResearcherID: AAI-1311-2020, Scopus Author ID: 6603160432</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0874-5261</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сагакянц</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sagakyants</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сагакянц Александр Борисович – к.б.н., доцент, заведующий лабораторией иммунофенотипирования опухолей, ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0874-5261, SPIN: 7272-1408, AuthorID: 426904, ResearcherID: M-8378-2019, Scopus Author ID: 24329773900</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander B. Sagakyants – Cand. Sci. (Biol.), head of the Laboratory of Immunophenotyping of Tumors, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0874-5261, SPIN: 7272-1408, AuthorID: 426904, ResearcherID: M-8378-2019, Scopus Author ID: 24329773900</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0328-9714</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирзоян</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirzoyan</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мирзоян Эллада Арменовна – к.м.н., врач-онколог, научный сотрудник отделения торакальной онкологии, ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0328-9714, SPIN: 2506-8605, AuthorID: 1002948, ResearcherID: AAZ-2780-2021, Scopus Author ID: 57221118516</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ellada A. Mirzoyan – Cand. Sci. (Med.), MD, oncologist, researcher at the Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0328-9714, SPIN: 2506-8605, AuthorID: 1002948, ResearcherID: AAZ-2780-2021, Scopus Author ID: 57221118516</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5287-5800</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Айрапетова</surname><given-names>Т. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ayrapetova</surname><given-names>T. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Айрапетова Тамара Георгиевна – к.м.н., врач-онколог отделения торакальной онкологии, ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5287-5800, SPIN: 8121-4039, AuthorID: 794672</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tamara G. Ayrapetova – Cand. Sci. (Med.), MD, oncologist at the Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5287-5800, SPIN: 8121-4039, AuthorID: 794672</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2572-1624</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лейман</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Leyman</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лейман Игорь Александрович – к.м.н., врач-онколог отделения торакальной онкологии, ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2572-1624, SPIN: 2551-0999, AuthorID: 735699</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor A. Leyman – Cand. Sci. (Med.), MD, oncologist at the Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2572-1624, SPIN: 2551-0999, AuthorID: 735699</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2589-7606</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Милакин</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Milakin</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Милакин Антон Григорьевич – врач-онколог отделения торакальной онкологии, ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2589-7606, SPIN: 7737-4737, AuthorID: 794734</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton G. Milakin – MD, oncologist at the Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2589-7606, SPIN: 7737-4737, AuthorID: 794734, Scopus Author ID: 57192109933</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4513-7548</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Статешный</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stateshny</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Статешный Олег Николаевич – врач-онколог отделения торакальной онкологии, ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4513-7548, SPIN: 9917-1975, AuthorID: 1067071</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg N. Stateshny – MD, oncologist at the Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4513-7548, SPIN: 9917-1975, AuthorID: 1067071</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5351-3251</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иозефи</surname><given-names>К. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iozefi</surname><given-names>K. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иозефи Кристиан Дмитриевич – торакальный хирург отделения торакальной онкологии, ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5351-3251, SPIN: 1232-3097, AuthorID: 1122592, ResearcherID: AAZ-3632-2021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kristian D. Iozefi – MD, thoracic surgeon at the Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5351-3251, SPIN: 1232-3097, AuthorID: 1122592, ResearcherID: AAZ-3632-2021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0645-0937</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хомидов</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Homidov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хомидов Мехруллоходжа Абдусудурович – аспирант, ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0645-0937, SPIN: 1950-8737, AuthorID: 1067071, ResearcherID: JFK-3888-2023</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mekhrullokhodzha A. Homidov – PhD student, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0645-0937, SPIN: 1950-8737, AuthorID: 1067071, ResearcherID: JFK-3888-2023</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4982-5491</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеев</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseev</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексеев Эдуард Константинович – ординатор, ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4982-5491, ResearcherID: JWP-6340-2024</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Eduard K. Alekseev – MD, resident doctor, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4982-5491, ResearcherID: JWP-6340-2024</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Centre for Oncology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>58</fpage><lpage>70</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Харагезов Д.А., Антонян А.А., Златник Е.Ю., Сагакянц А.Б., Мирзоян Э.А., Айрапетова Т.Г., Лейман И.А., Милакин А.Г., Статешный О.Н., Иозефи К.Д., Хомидов М.А., Алексеев Э.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Харагезов Д.А., Антонян А.А., Златник Е.Ю., Сагакянц А.Б., Мирзоян Э.А., Айрапетова Т.Г., Лейман И.А., Милакин А.Г., Статешный О.Н., Иозефи К.Д., Хомидов М.А., Алексеев Э.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kharagezov D.A., Antonyan A.A., Zlatni E.Y., Sagakyants A.B., Mirzoyan E.A., Ayrapetova T.G., Leyman I.A., Milakin A.G., Stateshny O.N., Iozefi K.D., Homidov M.A., Alekseev E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.cancersp.com/jour/article/view/294">https://www.cancersp.com/jour/article/view/294</self-uri><abstract><p>Несмотря на значительные успехи в лечении злокачественных новообразований, проблема резистентности к терапии, опосредованной опухолевыми стволовыми клетками (ОСК), диктует необходимость разработки новых стратегий лечения. Изучение роли ОСК и иммунного микроокружения в патогенезе рака, особенно немелкоклеточного рака легкого (НМРЛ), является актуальным вопросом современной онкологии. Настоящая работа основана на обширном анализе последних исследований и направлена на изучение механизмов, лежащих в основе развития НМРЛ. Рассматривается происхождение ОСК, их маркеры и основные сигнальные пути, участвующие в регуляции активности данного пула клеток. Особое внимание уделяется влиянию ОСК на прогрессирование рака легкого и механизмам, обусловливающим устойчивость к терапии. Освещаются различные подходы к лечению рака легкого, ориентированные на ОСК, с акцентом на таргетную терапию, направленную на специфические молекулярные мишени.</p><p>Отмечается важная роль иммунного микроокружения опухоли в патогенезе рака легкого и его влияния на ОСК. Обсуждаются механизмы регуляции иммунных реакций в опухоли и потенциал использования иммунотерапии для улучшения результатов лечения рака легкого. В статье также рассматриваются современные методы диагностики и лечения, включающие молекулярно-генетические и иммуногистохимические подходы. Работа представляет собой обзор современных знаний о механизмах развития рака легкого и имеет важное значение для понимания биологии опухолей и разработки новых методов лечения. Подчеркивается необходимость междисциплинарного подхода и комплексного использования современных диагностических и терапевтических методов для улучшения прогнозов и выживаемости пациентов с НМРЛ. Особое внимание уделено перспективам использования комбинированных терапевтических подходов, включающих таргетные препараты и иммунотерапию, направленные на подавление активности ОСК и модификацию опухолевого микроокружения.</p><p>В заключение, глубокое понимание молекулярных механизмов, регулирующих деятельность ОСК, и их взаимодействие с микроокружением опухоли открывает новые возможности для разработки эффективных стратегий лечения. Данный обзор подчеркивает необходимость дальнейших исследований в этой области, чтобы обеспечить более успешное лечение и повышение качества жизни пациентов с раком легкого.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Despite significant advances in the treatment of malignant neoplasms, the issue of therapy resistance mediated by cancer stem cells (CSCs) necessitates the development of new treatment strategies. Studying the role of CSCs and the immune microenvironment in the pathogenesis of cancer, particularly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), is a pressing issue in modern oncology. This paper is based on an extensive analysis of recent research and aims to study the mechanisms underlying the development of NSCLC.</p><p>The origin of CSCs, their markers, and the main signaling pathways involved in regulating their activity are considered. Special attention is paid to the influence of CSCs on the progression of lung cancer and the mechanisms underlying their therapy-mediated resistance. Various approaches to treating lung cancer targeting CSCs, focusing on targeted therapy aimed at specific molecular targets, are highlighted.</p><p>The important role of the tumor immune microenvironment in the pathogenesis of lung cancer and its impact on CSCs is emphasized. Mechanisms of immune response regulation in tumors and the potential use of immunotherapy to improve lung cancer treatment outcomes are discussed. The article also reviews modern diagnostic and treatment methods, including molecular-genetic and immunohistochemical approaches.</p><p>This paper work represents a review of current knowledge on the mechanisms of lung cancer development and is significant for understanding tumor biology and developing new treatment methods. The need for an interdisciplinary approach and comprehensive use of modern diagnostic and therapeutic methods to improve the prognosis and survival rates of NSCLC patients is emphasized. Special attention is given to the prospects of using combined therapeutic approaches, including targeted drugs and immunotherapy, aimed at suppressing CSC activity and modifying the tumor microenvironment.</p><p>In conclusion, a deep understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating CSC activity and their interaction with the tumor microenvironment opens new opportunities for developing effective treatment strategies. This review underscores the need for further research in this area to ensure more successful treatment and improved quality of life for lung cancer patients.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>опухолевые стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>иммунное микроокружение</kwd><kwd>рак легкого</kwd><kwd>немелкоклеточный рак легкого</kwd><kwd>резистентность к терапии</kwd><kwd>таргетная терапия</kwd><kwd>иммунотерапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cancer stem cells</kwd><kwd>immune microenvironment</kwd><kwd>lung cancer</kwd><kwd>non-small cell lung cancer</kwd><kwd>therapy resistance</kwd><kwd>targeted therapy</kwd><kwd>immunotherapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Travis WD, Brambilla E, Burke AP, Marx A, Nicholson AG. Introduction to The 2015 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus, and Heart. 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