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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cancersp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Южно-Российский онкологический журнал/ South Russian Journal of Cancer</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>South Russian Journal of Cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2686-9039</issn><publisher><publisher-name>АНО "Перспективы онкологии"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37748/2686-9039-2026-7-2-3</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">IVMFSL</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cancersp-416</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние комбинированного лечения рака прямой кишки на отдаленные результаты</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Impact of combined treatment for rectal cancer on long-term outcomes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9543-4551</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бондаренко</surname><given-names>О. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bondarenko</surname><given-names>O. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Бондаренко Ольга Константиновна – врач-онколог отделения абдоминальной онкологии №2 ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9543-4551" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9543-4551</ext-link>, eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=1223821" ext-link-type="uri">7411-8638</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=1223821" ext-link-type="uri">1223821</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57755642700" ext-link-type="uri">57755642700</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>Olga K. Bondarenko – oncologist, Department of Abdominal Oncology No. 2, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9543-4551" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9543-4551</ext-link>, eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=1223821" ext-link-type="uri">7411-8638</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=1223821" ext-link-type="uri">1223821</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57755642700" ext-link-type="uri">57755642700</ext-link></p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bondarenkoo.olga@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1957-7363</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Геворкян</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gevorkyan</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Геворкян Юрий Артушевич – д.м.н., профессор, заведующий отделением абдоминальной онкологии №2 ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1957-7363" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1957-7363</ext-link>, eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_items.asp?authorid=711165" ext-link-type="uri">8643-2348</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_items.asp?authorid=711165" ext-link-type="uri">711165</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57190967507" ext-link-type="uri">57190967507</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>Yuriy A. Gevorkyan – Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Head of Department of Abdominal Oncology No. 2, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1957-7363" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1957-7363</ext-link>, eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_items.asp?authorid=711165" ext-link-type="uri">8643-2348</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_items.asp?authorid=711165" ext-link-type="uri">711165</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57190967507" ext-link-type="uri">57190967507</ext-link></p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gevorkyan.000@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0118-4935</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солдаткина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soldatkina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Солдаткина Наталья Васильевна – д.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник отделения общей онкологии ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0118-4935" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0118-4935</ext-link>, eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=440046" ext-link-type="uri">8392-6679</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=440046" ext-link-type="uri">440046</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=23499757500" ext-link-type="uri">23499757500</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>Natalia V. Soldatkina – Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Leading researcher, Department of General Oncology, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0118-4935" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0118-4935</ext-link>, eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=440046" ext-link-type="uri">8392-6679</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=440046" ext-link-type="uri">440046</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=23499757500" ext-link-type="uri">23499757500</ext-link></p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">snv-rnioi@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9426-9662</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусарева</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gusareva</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Гусарева Марина Александровна – к.м.н., заведующая радиологическим отделением ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9426-9662" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9426-9662</ext-link>, eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=705242" ext-link-type="uri">9040-5476</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=705242" ext-link-type="uri">705242</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=56613594900" ext-link-type="uri">56613594900</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>Marina A. Gusareva – Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Head of Radiology Department, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9426-9662" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9426-9662</ext-link>, eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=705242" ext-link-type="uri">9040-5476</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=705242" ext-link-type="uri">705242</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=56613594900" ext-link-type="uri">56613594900</ext-link></p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oncorad@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7630-1502</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кошелева</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosheleva</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Кошелева Наталия Геннадьевна – врач-радиотерапевт отделения радиотерапии ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7630-1502" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7630-1502</ext-link>, eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=734155" ext-link-type="uri">7818-8478</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=734155" ext-link-type="uri">734155</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57210841195" ext-link-type="uri">57210841195</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>Natalia G. Kosheleva – Radiation Oncologist, Department of Radiotherapy, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7630-1502" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7630-1502</ext-link>, eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=734155" ext-link-type="uri">7818-8478</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=734155" ext-link-type="uri">734155</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57210841195" ext-link-type="uri">57210841195</ext-link></p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natalya.doctorko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7328-8074</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маслов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maslov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Маслов Андрей Александрович – д.м.н., профессор, главный врач ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7328-8074" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7328-8074,</ext-link> eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=817983" ext-link-type="uri">5963-5915</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=817983" ext-link-type="uri">817983</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>Andrey A. Maslov – Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Chief Physician, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7328-8074" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7328-8074,</ext-link> eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=817983" ext-link-type="uri">5963-5915</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=817983" ext-link-type="uri">817983</ext-link></p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Dr.maa2012@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6513-004X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фоменко</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fomenko</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Фоменко Юрий Александрович – к.м.н., заместитель генерального директора по клинико-экспертной работе ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6513-004X" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6513-004X</ext-link>, eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=462430" ext-link-type="uri">8204-5275</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=462430" ext-link-type="uri">462430</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>Yurii A. Fomenko – Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Deputy General Director for Clinical Expert Affairs, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6513-004X" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6513-004X</ext-link>, eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=462430" ext-link-type="uri">8204-5275</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=462430" ext-link-type="uri">462430</ext-link></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4562-1199</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Петров Дмитрий Сергеевич – к.м.н., заместитель главного врача по хирургии ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4562-1199" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4562-1199</ext-link>, eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=736631" ext-link-type="uri">1855-3496</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=736631" ext-link-type="uri">736631</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>Dmitry S. Petrov – Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Deputy Chief Physician for Surgery, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4562-1199" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4562-1199</ext-link>, eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=736631" ext-link-type="uri">1855-3496</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=736631" ext-link-type="uri">736631</ext-link></p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">petrov2010dmitry@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9749-709X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесников</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesnikov</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Колесников Евгений Николаевич – д.м.н., заведующий отделением абдоминальной онкологии №1 ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8436-7250" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8436-7250</ext-link>, eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=347457" ext-link-type="uri">8434-6494</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=347457" ext-link-type="uri">347457</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57190297598" ext-link-type="uri">57190297598</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>Evgeniy N. Kolesnikov – Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Head of Department of Abdominal Oncology No. 1, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8436-7250" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8436-7250</ext-link>, eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=347457" ext-link-type="uri">8434-6494</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=347457" ext-link-type="uri">347457</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57190297598" ext-link-type="uri">57190297598</ext-link></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9468-134X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевченко</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevchenko</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Шевченко Алексей Николаевич – д.м.н., профессор, заведующий отделением онкоурологии ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9468-134X" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9468-134X</ext-link>, eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=735424" ext-link-type="uri">2748-2638</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=735424" ext-link-type="uri">735424</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>Alexey N. Shevchenko – Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Head of Department of Oncourology, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9468-134X" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9468-134X</ext-link>, eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=735424" ext-link-type="uri">2748-2638</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=735424" ext-link-type="uri">735424</ext-link></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6881-2281</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шапошников</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaposhnikov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Шапошников Александр Васильевич – д.м.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник торакоабдоминального отделения ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6881-2281" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6881-2281</ext-link>, eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=712823" ext-link-type="uri">8756-9438</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=712823" ext-link-type="uri">712823</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=7005752070" ext-link-type="uri">7005752070</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>Aleksandr V. Shaposhnikov – Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Chief Researcher, Thoracoabdominal Department, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6881-2281" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6881-2281</ext-link>, eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=712823" ext-link-type="uri">8756-9438</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=712823" ext-link-type="uri">712823</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=7005752070" ext-link-type="uri">7005752070</ext-link></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2496-2728</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савченко</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savchenko</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Савченко Дмитрий Александрович – врач-онколог клинико-диагностического отделения ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2496-2728" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2496-2728</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>Dmitry A. Savchenko – oncologist, Clinical Diagnostic Department, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2496-2728" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2496-2728</ext-link></p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doc.sav.rnd@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0383-6638</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Геворкян</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gevorkyan</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Геворкян Валерия Юрьевна – студент 5 курса лечебно-профилактического факультета ФГБОУ ВО «Ростовский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0383-6638" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0383-6638</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>Valeria Yu. Gevorkyan – 5th-year student, Faculty of General Medicine and Preventive Care, Rostov State Medical University</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0383-6638" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0383-6638</ext-link></p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gevorkyan.000@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0823-2080</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесников</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesnikov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Колесников Даниил Владимирович – студент 5 курса лечебно-профилактического факультета ФГБОУ ВО «Ростовский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0823-2080" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0823-2080</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>Daniil V. Kolesnikov – 5th-year student, Faculty of General Medicine and Preventive Care, Rostov State Medical University</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0823-2080" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0823-2080</ext-link></p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kolesnikov.daniil.04@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-6108</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кит</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kit</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Кит Олег Иванович – д.м.н., академик РАН, профессор, генеральный директор ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-6108" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-6108</ext-link>, eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=343182" ext-link-type="uri">1728-0329</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=343182" ext-link-type="uri">343182</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=55994103100" ext-link-type="uri">55994103100</ext-link>, WoS ResearcherID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/U-2241-2017" ext-link-type="uri">U-2241-2017</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>Oleg I. Kit – Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor, Director General of the National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-6108" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-6108</ext-link>, eLibrary SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=343182" ext-link-type="uri">1728-0329</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=343182" ext-link-type="uri">343182</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=55994103100" ext-link-type="uri">55994103100</ext-link>, WoS ResearcherID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/U-2241-2017" ext-link-type="uri">U-2241-2017</ext-link></p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rnioi@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации &lt;p&gt;&#13;
г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Centre for Oncology &lt;p&gt;&#13;
Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ростовский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации &lt;p&gt;&#13;
г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov State Medical University &lt;p&gt;&#13;
Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бондаренко О.К., Геворкян Ю.А., Солдаткина Н.В., Гусарева М.А., Кошелева Н.Г., Маслов А.А., Фоменко Ю.А., Петров Д.С., Колесников Е.Н., Шевченко А.Н., Шапошников А.В., Савченко Д.А., Геворкян В.Ю., Колесников Д.В., Кит О.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бондаренко О.К., Геворкян Ю.А., Солдаткина Н.В., Гусарева М.А., Кошелева Н.Г., Маслов А.А., Фоменко Ю.А., Петров Д.С., Колесников Е.Н., Шевченко А.Н., Шапошников А.В., Савченко Д.А., Геворкян В.Ю., Колесников Д.В., Кит О.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bondarenko O.K., Gevorkyan Y.A., Soldatkina N.V., Gusareva M.A., Kosheleva N.G., Maslov A.A., Fomenko Y.A., Petrov D.S., Kolesnikov E.N., Shevchenko A.N., Shaposhnikov A.V., Savchenko D.A., Gevorkyan V.Y., Kolesnikov D.V., Kit O.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.cancersp.com/jour/article/view/416">https://www.cancersp.com/jour/article/view/416</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Анализ эффективности комбинированного лечения рака прямой кишки с оценкой влияния сроков закрытия илеостомы на полученные результаты.</p></sec><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. Проведено исследование результатов лечения 250 больных местнораспространенным раком прямой кишки, в ходе которого оценивалось влияние возраста, пола пациентов, характеристик опухоли и сроков закрытия илеостомы. С января 2020 по ноябрь 2025 г. пациенты проходили наблюдение и лечение в объеме лучевой терапии суммарной очаговой дозой 50–54 Гр с радиомодификацией капецитабином и низкой передней резекции прямой кишки с превентивной илеостомией.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлен значимый прогностический фактор – метастатическое поражение регионарных лимфоузлов (рN2), увеличивающее риск летального исхода в 3,6 раза (р = 0,0001) и риск прогрессирования заболевания в 4,1 раза (р = 0,0004). Такие факторы, как возраст пациентов, пол, расстояние нижнего края опухоли, степень дифференцировки и прорастание опухоли в стенку прямой кишки не продемонстрировали значимого влияния на показатели общей выживаемости и выживаемости без прогрессирования, что может быть обусловлено ограничениями исследования (набором однородной группы больных с однотипным лечением). Не выявлено значимых различий в показателях общей выживаемости (p = 0,9573) и выживаемости без прогрессирования (p = 0,5278) между группами пациентов с закрытием илеостомы до 2 мес. и после более 4 мес. при выполнении низкой передней резекции прямой кишки. Закрытие илеостомы до 2 мес. сопровождалось уменьшением общего числа случаев послеоперационных осложнений (p &lt; 0,001), парастомических грыж (p = 0,004), повышенного уровня креатинина (p = 0,037), диверсионного колита (p &lt; 0,001) и диареи (р = 0,001).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Проведенное исследование подтвердило безопасность подхода по закрытию илеостомы до 2 мес. после радикального оперативного вмешательства до начала адьювантной химиотерапии при комбинированном лечении рака прямой кишки. Раннее закрытие илеостомы рекомендуется у пациентов с отсутствием поражения регионарных лимфоузлов (pN0) или с поражением регионарных лимфоузлов (pN1) при отсутствии клинических и рентгенологических признаков несостоятельности колоректального анастомоза.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose of the study</title><p>Purpose of the study. To analyze the effectiveness of combined treatment for rectal cancer and evaluate the impact of ileostomy closure timing on treatment outcomes.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods. A study of treatment outcomes in 250 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer was conducted to assess the influence of patient age, sex, tumor characteristics, and timing of ileostomy closure. From January 2020 to November 2025, patients underwent treatment and follow-up including radiotherapy with a total focal dose of 50–54 Gy combined with capecitabine- based radiosensitization, followed by low anterior resection of the rectum with preventive ileostomy formation.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A significant prognostic factor has been established – metastatic involvement of regional lymph nodes (pN2), which increases the risk of death by 3.6 times (p = 0.0001) and the risk of disease progression by 4.1 times (p = 0.0004). Factors such as patients' age, gender, distance from the lower edge of the tumor, the degree of differentiation, and tumor invasion into the colon wall did not show a significant impact on overall survival and progression-free survival rates, which may be due to the limitations of the study (recruitment of a homogeneous group of patients with uniform treatment). No significant differences were found in overall survival rates (p = 0.9573) and progression-free survival rates (p = 0.5278) between groups of patients with ileostomy closure within 2 months and more than 4 months after low anterior resection of the rectum. Closure of the ileostomy within 2 months was accompanied by a decrease in the total number of postoperative complications (p &lt; 0.001), parastomal hernias (p = 0.004), elevated creatinine levels (p = 0.037), the incidence of diversion colitis (p &lt; 0.001), and diarrhea (p = 0.001).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The study confirmed the safety of the approach to closing the ileostomy within 2 months after radical surgery before the start of adjuvant chemotherapy in the combined treatment of rectal cancer. Early closure of the ileostomy is recommended in patients without involvement of regional lymph nodes (pN0) or with involvement of regional lymph nodes (pN1) in the absence of clinical and radiological signs of colorectal anastomosis insufficiency.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак прямой кишки</kwd><kwd>выживаемость</kwd><kwd>резекция прямой кишки</kwd><kwd>закрытие илеостомы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rectal cancer</kwd><kwd>survival</kwd><kwd>rectal resection</kwd><kwd>ileostomy closure</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">He F, Yang F, Tang C, Chen D, Zhao D, Xiong J, et al. 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